# Best Route Planning Software for Small Business - Page 2 *By [Daniel Rivera](https://research.g2.com/insights/author/daniel-rivera)* Products classified in the overall Route Planning category are similar in many regards and help companies of all sizes solve their business problems. However, small business features, pricing, setup, and installation differ from businesses of other sizes, which is why we match buyers to the right Small Business Route Planning to fit their needs. Compare product ratings based on reviews from enterprise users or connect with one of G2's buying advisors to find the right solutions within the Small Business Route Planning category. In addition to qualifying for inclusion in the Route Planning Software category, to qualify for inclusion in the Small Business Route Planning Software category, a product must have at least 10 reviews left by a reviewer from a small business. ## Top Route Planning Software at a Glance | # | Product | Rating | Best For | What Users Say | |---|---------|--------|----------|----------------| | 1 | [Geotab](https://www.g2.com/products/geotab/reviews) | 4.5/5.0 (197 reviews) | Real-time fleet routing with telematics-driven driver accountability | "[Geotab Review: Capabilities, Trade-offs, and Business Impact](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/geotab-review-13103315)" | | 2 | [Elite EXTRA](https://www.g2.com/products/elite-extra/reviews) | 4.6/5.0 (79 reviews) | Last-mile dispatch with real-time driver accountability | "[Streamlines Dispatching with Great Auto-Dispatching Features](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/elite-extra-review-12914076)" | | 3 | [Badger Maps](https://www.g2.com/products/badger-maps/reviews) | 4.7/5.0 (331 reviews) | Field sales territory routing with account tracking | "[Infield Makes Trip Planning and Record Keeping Easy—with Responsive Support](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/badger-maps-review-12707794)" | | 4 | [FarEye](https://www.g2.com/products/fareye/reviews) | 4.7/5.0 (286 reviews) | Bulk last-mile routing with live order tracking | "[Smart Routing and Live Tracking](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/fareye-review-12798017)" | | 5 | [Route4Me](https://www.g2.com/products/route4me/reviews) | 4.7/5.0 (131 reviews) | Multi-stop last-mile route optimization with real-time tracking | "[Optimized Routes That Keep Deliveries On Schedule](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/route4me-review-13048001)" | | 6 | [Locus](https://www.g2.com/products/locus-locus/reviews) | 4.5/5.0 (54 reviews) | Dynamic last-mile route optimization with real-time tracking | "[Locus TMS for Unilever last mile delivery solution](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/locus-review-11172339)" | | 7 | [Zeo Route Planner](https://www.g2.com/products/zeo-route-planner/reviews) | 4.7/5.0 (159 reviews) | Multi-stop last-mile route optimization | "[best product](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/zeo-route-planner-review-11891386)" | | 8 | [OptimoRoute](https://www.g2.com/products/optimoroute/reviews) | 4.8/5.0 (57 reviews) | Multi-driver route optimization with real-time tracking | "[Reliable, Low-Maintenance Route Optimisation That Pays for Itself](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/optimoroute-review-12951283)" | | 9 | [Routific](https://www.g2.com/products/routific/reviews) | 4.8/5.0 (46 reviews) | Multi-driver last-mile route optimization | "[Reliable Route Planning for Food Bank Logistics](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/routific-review-11743061)" | | 10 | [SimpliRoute](https://www.g2.com/products/simpliroute/reviews) | 4.8/5.0 (42 reviews) | Last-mile route optimization with real-time fleet tracking | "[I like the ease with which routes can be generated and tracked.](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/simpliroute-review-8283559)" | --- ## What Are the Most Common Questions About Route Planning Software? *AI-generated · Last updated: May 26, 2026* ### What is the most affordable route planning software for SMBs? Based on G2 reviews, buyers looking for affordable route planning software for SMBs often focus on products that are easy to adopt, save planning time, and improve daily efficiency without adding unnecessary complexity. According to verified users, Badger Maps is praised for simple route creation, account mapping, and helping sales teams spend more time with customers. G2 reviewers mention Geotab as cost-effective for fleet tracking and routing visibility, especially where monitoring vehicles and driver behavior matters. Reviewers also describe Zeo Route Planner as easy to learn and useful for quickly creating and optimizing routes, though some note pricing concerns for smaller teams. **Here are some of the top-rated products on G2:** - [Badger Maps](https://www.g2.com/products/badger-maps/reviews) – frequently used by small field sales teams for fast route planning, account mapping, and visit tracking - [Geotab](https://www.g2.com/products/geotab/reviews) – supports small fleet operators with real-time visibility, route optimization, and fuel and driver monitoring - [Zeo Route Planner](https://www.g2.com/products/zeo-route-planner/reviews) – helps smaller teams create shortest routes quickly and is described as intuitive and easy to learn ### Which vendor provides AI-powered route optimization? Based on G2 reviews, Geotab is one vendor that users explicitly describe as providing AI-powered capabilities alongside route optimization. According to verified users, reviewers highlight Geotab for combining analytics, real-time fleet visibility, and route coordination to help teams improve efficiency and respond faster to changes. G2 reviewers mention that it supports operational control with tracking, fuel monitoring, diagnostics, and route optimization, which makes it especially relevant for fleet-heavy environments. At the same time, buyers should note that some reviewers mention a learning curve around the interface and report customization, so ease of use may depend on how advanced your reporting and operational needs are. ### What platform provides GPS tracking for route management? Based on G2 reviews, several route planning platforms provide GPS tracking for route management, but the most common buyer themes are live visibility, route progress tracking, and the ability to adjust operations as conditions change. According to verified users, Geotab is widely used for real-time vehicle tracking and route coordination, helping teams monitor assets and respond quickly. G2 reviewers mention Route4Me for real-time tracking tied to route optimization and dispatch workflows. Reviewers also point to Badger Maps for route planning with map-based account visibility, especially for field sales teams that need to organize visits, notes, and daily routes in one place rather than manage traditional fleet dispatch. ### Which vendor offers advanced analytics on delivery times? Based on G2 reviews, Route4Me stands out for buyers who want route planning software with stronger delivery-time visibility and operational analytics. According to verified users, reviewers highlight its real-time tracking, route progress monitoring, exportable data, and analytics that support dispatch decisions and customer service improvements. G2 reviewers mention that it helps teams estimate delivery times, organize routes, and monitor drivers throughout the day, which is especially useful for delivery operations handling many stops. Some users note that reporting flexibility could be improved for more tailored insights, but reviews still consistently point to Route4Me as a practical choice for teams that need more than basic route sequencing. ### Which solution supports real-time traffic updates? Based on G2 reviews, buyers looking for real-time traffic awareness in route planning most often mention tools that help teams react to delays, reroute quickly, or avoid congested areas. According to verified users, Geotab is used to avoid high-traffic areas and help drivers take quicker, safer routes. G2 reviewers mention Route4Me for real-time tracking and route adjustments that help dispatchers react to last-minute changes. Reviewers also describe Elite EXTRA as useful for accurate ETAs and tracking delivery progress, which supports better day-to-day dispatch visibility. While reviews do not always label features specifically as traffic updates, users consistently value these products for real-time route management and operational responsiveness. ### Which route planning software offers the fastest delivery optimization? Based on G2 reviews, Route4Me is frequently associated with fast delivery optimization because reviewers consistently describe quick route creation, efficient stop organization, and strong support for daily dispatch changes. According to verified users, Route4Me helps eliminate manual planning, reduces planning time, and allows teams to optimize routes in seconds for last-mile delivery and multi-stop operations. G2 reviewers mention that it is especially helpful when dispatchers need to manage multiple drivers, update routes quickly, and maintain visibility into progress throughout the day. Some reviewers note occasional lag with large uploads or mobile issues, but the overall review pattern points to Route4Me as a strong fit for speed-focused delivery routing. ### What is the top-rated route planning platform for enterprises? Based on G2 reviews, Geotab is one of the strongest fits for enterprise route planning because it appears most frequently in recent reviews and is consistently described as scalable for large fleets and complex operations. According to verified users, reviewers value its real-time tracking, fleet visibility, route coordination, driver monitoring, and integration with broader operational systems. G2 reviewers mention that Geotab helps larger organizations manage fuel use, safety, maintenance, and day-to-day fleet efficiency from one platform. Buyers should also note recurring feedback about reporting complexity, interface learning curve, and occasional delays in updates, but enterprise teams needing depth and operational visibility often describe it as a reliable option. **Here are some of the top-rated products on G2:** - [Geotab](https://www.g2.com/products/geotab/reviews) – used by larger fleet operations for real-time tracking, safety monitoring, route coordination, and operational visibility - [Badger Maps](https://www.g2.com/products/badger-maps/reviews) – supports growing field teams with territory mapping, account management, and efficient route planning - [Route4Me](https://www.g2.com/products/route4me/reviews) – helps dispatch-heavy teams optimize routes, track drivers in real time, and manage multi-stop delivery workflows ### What is the best platform for multi-stop route planning? Based on G2 reviews, Geotab is the single most commonly reviewed product in this dataset and is associated with route optimization, real-time tracking, and coordinating multiple vehicles and stops. According to verified users, Geotab helps teams improve route efficiency, manage driver behavior, and maintain visibility across daily operations, which makes it a strong option for multi-stop planning in fleet environments. G2 reviewers mention that other products like Route4Me and Badger Maps also help organize multiple stops efficiently, especially for delivery and field sales use cases. Still, Geotab appears most often in recent reviews and is described as useful for coordinating routes, adjusting plans, and improving day-to-day operational control. **Here are some of the top-rated products on G2:** - [Geotab](https://www.g2.com/products/geotab/reviews) – supports multi-stop fleet coordination with live tracking, route optimization, and operational visibility - [Route4Me](https://www.g2.com/products/route4me/reviews) – widely used for organizing many stops, dispatching drivers, and updating routes quickly during delivery operations - [Badger Maps](https://www.g2.com/products/badger-maps/reviews) – helps field reps optimize daily visit routes and manage stop notes, follow-ups, and account coverage ### What platform integrates route planning with fleet management systems? Based on G2 reviews, Geotab is one of the clearest examples of a platform that combines route planning with broader fleet management workflows. According to verified users, reviewers highlight its integration with operational and logistics tools, along with features for real-time tracking, diagnostics, maintenance visibility, driver monitoring, and route coordination. G2 reviewers mention that this combination helps teams reduce guesswork and make more informed decisions across fleet operations. Other products in the category may offer route planning plus tracking, but Geotab reviews most directly connect route optimization with larger fleet management needs, making it especially relevant for buyers who want both routing and operational oversight in one environment. ### Which tool supports route planning for large delivery fleets? Based on G2 reviews, Route4Me is a strong choice for route planning for large delivery fleets. According to verified users, reviewers describe using it to coordinate multiple drivers, manage route changes, handle large numbers of stops, and maintain real-time visibility into deliveries. G2 reviewers mention that it helps dispatch teams organize routes more efficiently, improve driver productivity, and reduce manual planning for delivery-heavy operations. Several reviews specifically reference managing larger teams, high stop volumes, and daily routing complexity. Buyers should keep in mind that some users mention slower processing with very large uploads or a need for more reporting flexibility, but overall the product is consistently tied to fleet-scale delivery planning. ## G2 Grid® for Route Planning Software ![G2 Grid® for Route Planning Software plotting products by satisfaction and market presence](https://www.g2.com/categories/route-planning-software/grids.png?focus%5B%5D=25774&focus%5B%5D=124078&focus%5B%5D=4024&focus%5B%5D=130690&focus%5B%5D=31801&focus%5B%5D=16775&focus%5B%5D=18702&focus%5B%5D=1172433) Highlighted products: Geotab, Elite EXTRA, Badger Maps, Zeo Route Planner, OptimoRoute, Route4Me, Routific, and RoadWarrior. Underlying data: [Grid® JSON](https://www.g2.com/categories/route-planning-software/grids.json?focus%5B%5D=geotab&focus%5B%5D=elite-extra&focus%5B%5D=badger-maps&focus%5B%5D=zeo-route-planner&focus%5B%5D=optimoroute&focus%5B%5D=route4me&focus%5B%5D=routific&focus%5B%5D=roadwarrior&segment=small-business) ## How Many Route Planning Software Products Does G2 Track? **Total Products under this Category:** 228 ### Category Stats (Jul 2026) - **Average Rating**: 4.49/5 (↓0.02 vs Jun 2026) The average rating of products in this category, based on all submitted ratings - **Top Trending Product**: portatour® (+7.99%) - Among all products in this category, portatour® recorded the largest rating increase compared to last month *Last updated: July 19, 2026* ## How Does G2 Rank Route Planning Software Products? **Why You Can Trust G2's Software Rankings:** - 30 Analysts and Data Experts - 5,800+ Authentic Reviews - 228+ Products - Unbiased Rankings G2's software rankings are built on verified user reviews, rigorous moderation, and a consistent research methodology maintained by a team of analysts and data experts. Each product is measured using the same transparent criteria, with no paid placement or vendor influence. While reviews reflect real user experiences, which can be subjective, they offer valuable insight into how software performs in the hands of professionals. Together, these inputs power the G2 Score, a standardized way to compare tools within every category. --- **Sponsored** ### SureCam SureCam is an AI-powered video telematics and fleet dash cam platform built for commercial fleets that need smarter safety, faster claims resolution, and real-time visibility into their vehicles and drivers. By combining AI dash cams, GPS fleet tracking, and cloud-based fleet management software into a single, easy-to-use solution, SureCam helps small and mid-market fleets reduce accidents, lower insurance costs, and protect their business from fraudulent claims. At its core, SureCam provides connected dash cameras that automatically detect and upload video clips of critical driving events—including harsh braking, rapid acceleration, distracted driving, tailgating, and collisions—directly to the cloud over a cellular connection. Fleet managers can access incident footage, driver safety scores, GPS trip history, and live vehicle locations all from one centralized platform, without pulling SD cards or managing separate systems. SureCam's AI-powered in-cab alerts notify drivers in real time when risky behavior is detected, helping correct unsafe habits before they lead to accidents. For fleets where ongoing coaching is a priority, the SureCam mobile app delivers automated coaching assignments directly to drivers based on their event history and safety scores. Designed for industries including construction, field services, utilities, delivery, and transportation, SureCam supports multiple camera configurations—including forward-facing, dual-facing (road and driver), and auxiliary cameras—to provide up to six views per vehicle. This flexibility makes it an ideal fleet safety solution for organizations running mixed fleets of vans, pickup trucks, and heavy-duty vehicles. When incidents occur, SureCam gives fleet operators immediate access to time-stamped, GPS-tagged video evidence to resolve liability disputes quickly, support first notice of loss (FNOL) filings, and protect drivers who are not at fault. The result is faster claims resolution, reduced legal exposure, and measurable reductions in insurance premiums over time. SureCam integrates with leading fleet management platforms, including Geotab's MyGeotab, making it a scalable video telematics solution for fleets at every stage of their safety program journey. [Visit website](https://www.g2.com/external_clickthroughs/record?secure%5Bad_program%5D=ppc&secure%5Bad_slot%5D=category_product_list&secure%5Bcategory_id%5D=1406&secure%5Bchosen_at%5D=2026-07-19T12%3A48%3A36Z&secure%5Bdisplayable_resource_id%5D=2234&secure%5Bdisplayable_resource_type%5D=Category&secure%5Bmedium%5D=sponsored&secure%5Bplacement_reason%5D=neighbor_category&secure%5Bplacement_resource_ids%5D%5B%5D=2234&secure%5Bprioritized%5D=false&secure%5Bproduct_id%5D=1218419&secure%5Bresource_id%5D=1406&secure%5Bresource_type%5D=Category&secure%5Bsource_type%5D=category_page&secure%5Bsource_url%5D=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g2.com%2Fcategories%2Froute-planning-software%2Fsmall-business%3Fpage%3D2&secure%5Btoken%5D=73cec5e3ef0e3ab1fe100dabadb47a85f1a8f890ce018d77cdd7316c87f06261&secure%5Burl%5D=https%3A%2F%2Fsurecam.com%2Fpricing%3Futm_source%3DG2%26utm_medium%3DBanner%26utm_campaign%3DG2_Comp&secure%5Burl_type%5D=book_demo) --- ## What Are the Top-Rated Route Planning Software Products in 2026? ### 1. [Upper](https://www.g2.com/products/upper-inc-upper/reviews) Upper Route Planner solves routing chaos with an intuitive platform that plans, optimizes, and dispatches routes for delivery and service businesses. Perfect for food delivery, pharmacy delivery, courier services, inspection, cleaning, maintenance, HVAC, and waste management companies, Upper enhances operational efficiency and reliability. Trusted by thousands of businesses, Upper helps improve delivery times, reduce costs, and elevate customer satisfaction. Our mission is to empower companies to achieve seamless operations and exceptional service every day. Simply Add Stops \> Assign Drivers \> Optimize \> Dispatch! **Average Rating:** 4.8/5.0 **Total Reviews:** 11 **How Do G2 Users Rate Upper?** - **Has the product been a good partner in doing business?:** 9.7/10 (Category avg: 9.2/10) - **Master Routing:** 9.0/10 (Category avg: 9.0/10) - **Productivity:** 9.8/10 (Category avg: 8.8/10) - **Priorities:** 9.8/10 (Category avg: 8.7/10) **Who Is the Company Behind Upper?** - **Seller:** [Upper](https://www.g2.com/sellers/upper-8c6edd74-4652-4da6-aeed-3671fe839eb6) - **Year Founded:** 2021 - **HQ Location:** Ontario, CA - **Twitter:** @TheUpperInc (49 Twitter followers) - **LinkedIn® Page:** https://www.linkedin.com/company/65176084 (9 employees on LinkedIn®) **Who Uses This Product?** - **Company Size:** 100% Small-Business #### What Are Upper's Pros and Cons? **Pros:** - Delivery Management (3 reviews) - Route Optimization (3 reviews) - Customer Support (2 reviews) - Data Management (2 reviews) - Ease of Use (2 reviews) **Cons:** - Limited Customization (2 reviews) - Feature Limitations (1 reviews) - Limited Features (1 reviews) - Mobile Functionality (1 reviews) - Mobile Limitations (1 reviews) ### What Do G2 Reviewers Say About Upper? *AI-generated summary from verified user reviews* **Pros:** - Users praise Upper for its **efficient delivery management** , enhancing route optimization and real-time tracking with excellent customer support. - Users value the **efficient route optimization** of Upper, enhancing delivery processes and reducing operational costs. - Users commend the **excellent and responsive customer support** provided by Upper, enhancing overall user satisfaction. - Users value the **easy data import and routing** features of Upper, enhancing delivery management and efficiency. - Users appreciate the **ease of use** of Upper, enabling efficient routing and hassle-free delivery management processes. **Cons:** - Users desire **more customization options** in route planning, feeling limited by the current settings available in Upper. - Users desire **enhanced customization options** and additional features in Upper's mobile app compared to the web version. - Users desire more **limited features** in Upper for enhanced customization and improved mobile app functionality. - Users desire **enhanced mobile functionality** for better customization and feature support compared to the web version. - Users desire more **customization options** in the mobile app, highlighting its limitations compared to the web version. #### What Are Recent G2 Reviews of Upper? **"[We are a small company. The software is easy to manage and a great value for our subscription price](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/upper-review-10729732)"** **Rating:** 5.0/5.0 stars *— Andrew V.* [Read full review](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/upper-review-10729732) --- **"[Perfect Fit for Our Ever-Changing Routing Needs](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/upper-review-10006814)"** **Rating:** 5.0/5.0 stars *— Verified User in Real Estate* [Read full review](https://www.g2.com/survey_responses/upper-review-10006814) --- #### What Are G2 Users Discussing About Upper? - [What is Upper Inc. - Route Planner used for?](https://www.g2.com/discussions/what-is-upper-inc-route-planner-used-for) ## What Is Route Planning Software? [Distribution Software](https://www.g2.com/categories/distribution) ## What Software Categories Are Similar to Route Planning Software? - [Fleet Management Software](https://www.g2.com/categories/fleet-management) - [Fleet Tracking Software](https://www.g2.com/categories/fleet-tracking) - [Last Mile Delivery Software](https://www.g2.com/categories/last-mile-delivery) --- ## How Do You Choose the Right Route Planning Software? ### What You Should Know About Route Planning Software ### What is Route Planning Software? Fleet managers face various route planning challenges in their daily operations. Whether it’s street construction or heavy traffic, fleet managers must find alternative routes, and communicate with their drivers to ensure timely deliveries. Route planning software presents users with a variety of features that optimize routes, collect data on driver performance, and communicate delivery updates with customers. Key Benefits of Route Planning Software - Assists fleet managers with dispatching vehicles to multiple locations - Allows users to determine the fastest and most efficient route for vehicle dispatch - Enables drivers and managers to communicate with one another while vehicles are en route /li\> ### Why Use Route Planning Software? Any company that manages a fleet on a daily basis can benefit from route planning software. While route planning software’s core functionality is optimizing routes, its other features contribute to the overall success of a business. **Improved customer satisfaction —** From efficient route planning to automated messages to customers, route planning improves communication between customers, drivers, and managers. Improved communication ensures customers receive orders on time, and are informed about the shipment of their purchase. **Saved money—** Finding the most cost-effective routes for a fleet impacts a company’s finances. By both driving less and using less fuel, fleet managers will notice increased employee morale and less wear and tear on their vehicles. ### Who Uses Route Planning Software? **Fleet managers —** Route planning software supports the daily responsibilities of a fleet manager. At its base level, route planning software helps fleet managers optimize their drivers’ routes, improving the efficiency of the daily operations of a dispatched fleet. Additionally, route planning software provides fleet managers with a comprehensive look into how their drivers perform in the field. This enables fleet managers to be active managers of their fleet, and communicate with drivers when necessary. Analytics tools let fleet managers see which drivers are performing well and what areas need improvement. **Delivery drivers —** Delivery drivers must adapt to traffic, weather, or construction conditions in real time; route planning software helps drivers quickly find alternative routes. Additionally, if drivers have multiple stops to make, they can input each address and the route planning software will determine the most efficient route to take. ### Kinds of Route Planning Software **Cloud—** Cloud-based route planning software can be accessed on the go by more than one user, all that’s needed is an internet connection. Cloud-based solutions often operate on a subscription, where users pay a monthly rate. Some of the cons associated with cloud solutions are the constant need for internet connectivity, less customizability, and recurring costs. **On-premise —** On-premises solutions are often installed onto a specific desktop. This provides more reliable connectivity since an internet connection isn’t necessary to access the software. On-premises solutions are often a one time cost that users own. Additionally, one of the cons of on-premise solutions are long implementation times since each solution must be installed on servers and on each individual computer. ### Route Planning Software Features **Route optimization—** Route optimization is one of the core functionalities included in most route planning software. This feature allows fleet managers to scope out the most efficient routes, and optimize routes using GIS information and historical delivery data. This feature takes accounts for time of day, traffic conditions, and size of vehicle. This ensures that fleet managers are always planning the most efficient route possible. **Live tracking —** Live tracking features allow fleet managers to track how their drivers are performing in real time. By monitoring their drivers in real time, managers can identify if there’s a more efficient route, and communicate to customers an exact time of arrival for their delivery. **Analytics —** Route planning software often includes features that allow users to compile data reports based on driver performance. This data helps users identify areas of high and low performance in their route planning. With analytics, users can make the necessary adjustments to improve the efficiency of their routes. **Automated customer communication —** Customers love when businesses update them with the status of their shipments. This alerts them to when they should be home to receive the package, helping them plan their daily schedules. Route planning software has automated messaging features that update customers with the current status of their package. This makes the difference between a satisfied or disgruntled customer. **Multi-stop routes —** Often times, fleet managers must plan routes that have drivers stop at multiple locations. With multi-stop route features, users can plan multi-stop routes that prioritize time sensitive deliveries, while finding the most efficient route for the driver. **Fuel management —** Fuel management features enable users to monitor fuel consumption data of every vehicle. This helps fleet managers decide when drivers need to stop on their route, and provide them with an overview of how much energy their vehicles consume. ### Software and Services Related to Route Planning Software [**Fleet management software**](https://www.g2.com/categories/fleet-management) **—** While most route planning solutions offer many features that aid with fleet management, some solutions offer features specific to route optimization. For users wanting more features to aid them with the operational side of managing a fleet, they might consider integrating their route planning software with [fleet management software](https://www.g2.com/categories/fleet-management). [**CRM software**](https://www.g2.com/categories/crm) **—** Some route planning software can be integrated with CRM software. This allows users to identify how delivery sales are impacting the sales pipeline, and overall business goals.