Ruby on Rails, commonly referred to as Rails, is an open-source server-side web application framework written in the Ruby programming language. It follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern, providing default structures for databases, web services, and web pages. Rails emphasizes the use of well-known software engineering principles such as Convention over Configuration (CoC) and Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY), aiming to simplify and accelerate the development of database-driven web applications. Key Features and Functionality: - Active Record: An object-relational mapping (ORM) layer that simplifies database interactions by representing tables as classes and rows as objects, allowing developers to perform database operations using Ruby code. - Action Pack: A component that combines the controller and view layers of the MVC framework, facilitating the handling of web requests and rendering of responses. - Active Support: A collection of utility classes and standard library extensions that enhance the Ruby language, providing additional functionalities to simplify coding tasks. - Action Mailer: A framework for designing email services, enabling the creation and delivery of emails from a Rails application. - Convention over Configuration (CoC): Rails reduces the need for explicit configuration by following established conventions, allowing developers to focus on application logic rather than boilerplate code. - Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY): This principle encourages the reduction of code duplication, promoting maintainability and scalability by ensuring that each piece of information has a single, unambiguous representation within the system. Primary Value and Problem Solving: Ruby on Rails streamlines the web development process by providing a comprehensive framework that integrates seamlessly with databases and web services. By adhering to the CoC and DRY principles, Rails minimizes the amount of code developers need to write, reducing the likelihood of errors and enhancing productivity. Its modular design and extensive library of gems (plugins) allow for rapid development and easy customization, making it an ideal choice for startups and enterprises aiming to build robust, scalable web applications efficiently.